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Was the world's highest-paid model between 2004 and 2015.A supermodel (also spelled super-model and super model) is a highly paid who usually has a worldwide reputation and often a background in and commercial modeling. The term supermodel became prominent in the of the 1980s and 90s.Supermodels usually work for prominent. They may have multimillion-dollar contracts, endorsements, and campaigns. Supermodels have branded themselves as household names and worldwide recognition is associated with their modeling careers. They have been on the covers of magazines such as, American,. Stated, 'In order to become a supermodel one must be on all the covers all over the world at the same time so that people can recognise the girls.' An early use of the term supermodel appeared in 1891 in an interview with artist for, in which Marks told journalist Harry How, 'A good many models are addicted to drink, and, after sitting a while, will suddenly go to sleep.
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Then I have had what I call the 'super' model. You know the sort of man; he goes in for theatrical effect.' On 6 October 1942, a writer named Judith Cass had used the term super model for her article in the, which headlined 'Super Models are Signed for Fashion Show'. Later in 1943, an agent named Clyde Matthew Dessner used the term in a 'how-to' book about modeling entitled So You Want to Be a Model! In which Dessner wrote, 'She will be a super-model, but the girl in her will be like the girl in you—quite ordinary, but ambitious and eager for personal development.' According to Model: The Ugly Business of Beautiful Women by, the term supermodel was first used by Dessner. In 1947, wrote 'supermodel' in his book Men Out of Asia.
In 1949, the magazine referred to, the highest paid model at the time, as a 'super model': 'She's been super model, super movie saleswoman, and top brass at and.' On 18 October 1959, Vancouver's Chinatown News described Susan Chew as a 'super model'.The term supermodel had been used several times in the media in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1965, the encyclopedic guide American Jurisprudence Trials used the term 'super model' ('.at issue was patient's belief that her husband was having an affair with a super model'). On 21 March 1967, referred to as a supermodel; the February 1968 article of listed all 19 'supermodels'; the Chicago wrote 'New York Designer Turns Super Model' in January 1970; and used the term in 1971; and in 1974 both the Chicago Tribune and also used the term 'supermodel' in their articles. American Vogue used the term 'super-model' to describe in the 15 October 1965 edition and 'supermodel' on the cover page to describe in the 1 September 1975 edition.
Hemingway was again described as a 'supermodel' in the 25 July 1977 edition of. Also described as a 'supermodel' in the 22 December 1977 edition.Model has incorrectly stated that she coined the term supermodel in 1979, as a compound of and model. During an interview with, Dickinson stated that her agent Monique Pilar of asked her, 'Janice, who do you think you are, Superman?'
She replied, 'No. I'm a supermodel, honey, and you will refer to me as a supermodel and you will start a supermodel division.' Dickinson also claims to have been the first supermodel.is widely considered to have been the world's first supermodel, with a career that began in the 1930s. She was in most of the major fashion magazines and general interest magazines from the 1930s to the 1950s, including, Vogue, the original,. (with a career launched around 1900) and (career launched in 1944) have also been called the world's first supermodel, as well as (early 1960s), and (late 1970s).Dutch-born model holds the record for most covers on American, appearing 27 or 28 times throughout the 1950s and 1960s.
Cooper would go on to found modeling and talent agency in 1967. 1960s–1970s In February 1968, an article in described 19 models as 'supermodels':, Lisa Palmer, Sue Murray, Gretchen Harris, Heide Wiedeck, Irish Bianchi, Anne de Zogheb, Kathy Carpenter, Jean Shrimpton, Claudia Duxbury and.In the 1970s, some models became more prominent as their names became more recognizable to the general public. 'The Body')In October 1981, cited, Lauren Hutton, and Iman for, Margaux Hemingway for, for, for, and Cheryl Tiegs for by proclaiming them the 'million dollar faces' of the beauty industry. These models negotiated previously unheard of lucrative and exclusive deals with giant cosmetics companies, were instantly recognizable, and their names became well known to the public.In the early 1980s, was the first model to sign an exclusive modeling contract with an fashion house,. During the early 1980s, fashion designers began advertising on television. Regulars like Gia Carangi, Tiegs, Brinkley, and began to endorse products with their names, as well as their faces, through the marketing of brands such as and.As the models began to embrace old-style, they were starting to replace film stars as symbols of luxury and wealth. In this regard, supermodels were viewed not so much as individuals but as images.
Rose to prominence in the 1990s as a face of.By the 1990s, the supermodel became increasingly prominent in the media. The title became tantamount to, to signify a supermodel's fame having risen simply from 'personality.' Supermodels did talk shows, were cited in gossip columns, partied at the trendiest nightspots, landed movie roles, inspired franchises, dated or married film stars, and earned themselves millions. Fame empowered them to take charge of their careers, to market themselves, and to command higher fees.The new era began in 1990, with the era-defining British cover of, and, photographed by which created such an impression on the fashion world that they came to embody the term 'supermodel'.
Individually and as an elite group, it seemed as if the idea of 'the supermodel' had been coined just for them. Each model had gradually attained fame since the mid-1980s and was now among the industry's top stars. Selected by Lindbergh for the January cover of Vogue, the now famous cover inspired singer to cast the same five models in the music video for his song, ', directed. Other notable photographs capturing this new generation of models, including the famous nude taken by for that included Patitz, Crawford, Campbell, Turlington and, helped each supermodel attain worldwide fame and fortune by sharing covers of all the international editions of Vogue, walking the catwalks for the world's top designers, and becoming known by their first names alone.Today, Campbell, Crawford, Evangelista, Patitz and Turlington are regarded as the 'Original Supermodels.'
In 1991, Turlington signed a contract with that paid her $800,000 for twelve days' work each year. Four years later, Claudia Schiffer reportedly earned $12 million for her various modeling assignments. Authorities ranging from to had declared the supermodels more glamorous than movie stars.Campbell, Evangelista and Turlington became known as The Trinity, a term first used by photographer and noted by journalist Michael Gross.
Evangelista was known as the 'Chameleon', for her ability to transform her look and reinvent herself. Turlington was known as the 'insurance model', saying 'clients know that if they hire me, nothing will go wrong'.
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Campbell was the first black model to appear on the front cover of, and the September issue of American Vogue, traditionally the biggest and most important issue of the year. One of 'The Big Five' models in the 1990s.Campbell, Crawford, Evangelista, Patitz and Turlington were the original group to be regarded as 'The Big Five' supermodels of the 1990s, The term 'The Big Five' was later used to describe Campbell, Crawford, Evangelista, Turlington and Claudia Schiffer (replacing Patitz), and with the addition of, they became known as 'the Big Six.' In the 2006 book, In Vogue: The Illustrated History of the World's Most Famous Fashion Magazine , the editors cite the 'original supermodels' and Schiffer when quoting Vogue Magazine Editor-In-Chief, who said, 'Those girls were so fabulous for fashion and totally reflected that time. They were like movie stars.' The editors name famous models from previous decades, but explain that, 'None of them attained the fame and worldwide renown bestowed on Linda Evangelista, Christy Turlington, Cindy Crawford, Naomi Campbell, Tatjana Patitz, Stephanie Seymour, Claudia Schiffer, and in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
These models burst out beyond the pages of the magazines. Many became the faces of cosmetics brands and perfumes, had their own television programs and physical-fitness videos and their own lines of lingerie. Their lives, activities, influences, and images were the subjects of all types of sociological and historical analysis.' Had begun her career as a model, booking a record-breaking 25 shows in 1991 during her breakout year. She achieved Supermodel status, and rivaled Naomi Campbell as the top Black model in the world.In the mid-1990s, the initial era of the supermodel ended and a new era for the supermodel began driven. By the late 1990s, actresses, pop singers, and other entertainment celebrities began gradually replacing models on fashion magazine covers and ad campaigns. The pendulum of limelight left many models in anonymity.
A popular 'conspiracy theory' explaining the supermodel's disappearance is that designers and fashion editors grew weary of the 'I won't get out of bed for less than $10,000 a day' attitude and made sure no small group of models would ever again have the power of the Big Six.Charles Gandee, associate editor at Vogue, has said that high prices and poor attitudes contributed less to the decline of the supermodel. As clothes became less flashy, designers turned to models who were less glamorous, so they wouldn't overpower the clothing. Whereas many supermodels of the previous era were American-born, their accents making for an easier transition to stardom, the majority of models began coming from non-English speaking countries and cultures, making the crossover to mainstream spokesperson and cover star difficult. However, the term continued to be applied to notable models such as, Yasmin Le Bon, and later,.2000s and present day. Posing for Ralph Lauren.In addition to the models stated previously, a top-grossing part of the industry that tends to be overlooked is the male side of modeling. Though women are predominantly known in the modeling industry, men are used just as frequently in advertisements for clothing, cologne, sports wear and other such accessories.In 1993, Italian model, was the highest paid male model worldwide, getting paid several million dollars a year.
He was the male identified individual in many romance novels; he did advertisements for high-end brands like.is known for posing in a number of ads for Polo sport cologne line. Since 1990, he has been the face of and, won Model of the year on VH1 Fashion award, and he has also appeared in 's campaign. Another Calvin Klein model is. Many new underwear models in the 30 years later still look to his campaign poses today.Former professional football player is noted as the Underwear Model of the Century. He has modeled for worldwide ads for, Calvin Klein, and Breitling.
British model was described as achieving 'icon status' by when they featured him on, stating, 'As the face of and, Gandy is arguably one of the most successful male models ever, but he's a bit modest about that 'supermodel' title.' Ranked the 'Top 10 Male Models of All Time' in September 2014; the list included,. Perception Critical perception of the supermodel as an industry has been frequent inside and outside the fashion press, from complaints that women desiring this status become unhealthily thin to charges of racism, where the 'supermodel' generally has to conform to a Northern European standard of beauty in the first decade of the twenty-first century. According to fashion writer Guy Trebay of The New York Times, in 2007, the 'android' look was popular, a vacant stare and thin body serving, according to some fashion industry conventions, to set off the couture. This had not always been the case.
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In the 1970s, black, heavier and 'ethnic' models dominated the runways but social changes in the 1980s to the early 2000s persuaded the power players in the fashion industry to shun suggestions of 'otherness'.However, since the latter part of the first decade of the twenty-first century, an increasing level of diversity has been noted among supermodels catering to the growing East Asian markets, including Japanese model and Chinese models and Liu Wen. See also.References.